The Phases of an Empire

David Redick
Activist Post

The analysis below explains why all empires and “Imperial Style” governments have failed throughout history, and why our Empire-USA faces the same fate. The only question is whether the people and government of the USA have the wisdom and will to engage in a “Managed Decline” by terminating the empire and imperial conduct on their own schedule, rather than by chaotic crash of the US Dollar, economy, and lifestyle. Take notice of the “Solutions” section in Part C below.

 

Part A: Key Points
  • An Empire is a nation that: 1) Owns colonies, and/or 2) Controls, or has great influence over, other nations. Empires require economic and military strength to start and maintain, and this is expensive.
  • All Empires fail, and for the same reasons: 1) Expense of military abroad, and subsidies at home.  2) Decline in domestic productivity (spoiled, parasitic citizens).   3) Corruption (illegal conduct) and decadence (unethical and immoral conduct) by leaders and citizens.
  • Empire-USA:  Our deal to other nations is:  we will be the world’s policeman and protect you, but you must accept our fake money and “influence.” The USA is far into Phase 3-Failure. Look around you for the symptoms shown in Part B-3 and Part C below.

Chart Height Shows Combined Military and Economic Strength (Power and Wealth)

 

Part B: Events/Symptoms in each Phase

 

Phase 1 — Growth
  • Land: Gain territory by “discovery” (too bad for the natives), or conquest.
  • Strength: Start growth of economic and military strength. Sound currency (precious metal, or convertible paper and convertible base-metal coins).
  • Government: Local and central government acts as a servant to protect the rights of citizens. No entangling alliances with other nations. New land is governed as a colony or part of homeland nation (becoming a sovereign republic may require a revolution). The army consists of volunteers protecting their homes and families, with no professional or standing army.
  • Ethics: Most government people and citizens are hard working and honest. Government is a servant.
Phase 2 — Maturation
  • Land: Add contiguous land, or remote colonies, by conquest or negotiation.
  • Strength: Become a world leader in both economic and military strength. Homeland receives cheap imports from colonies. Currency is debased to allow more government spending, without raising taxes.
  • Government: Grows stronger, more corrupt, and acts as boss, manager, nanny, owner, etc. Elected officials will do almost anything to retain their jobs. Power is used to manage other nations to impose/protect the Empire’s interests. The central government increases control (superiority) over local (city and state) functions, often based on its power to create money to fund local projects. A standing army is created and consists of mostly conscripts, and professional careerists. Wars become more oriented to building and defending the Empire.
  • Ethics: Corruption and decadence grow due to decline in personal responsibility caused by nanny state.
Phase 3 — Decline and/or Failure
  • Land: Lose colonies, or control of other nations, by revolution or voluntary release (due to expense and unrest).
  • Strength: No longer a world leader. Power declines by 50% or more, especially in foreign matters. Value of fake currency crashes in purchasing power by 50% or more. Default on debt (or pay off with low value paper money).
  • Government: Becomes weak, more corrupt, and desperate. Leaders try to gain power (decrees, martial law, etc.) to survive citizen discontent. “Bread and Circuses” grow, now called grants, subsidies, stimulus, and entitlements. The army consists of mostly professional careerists, and volunteers, many of whom join because they can’t find work elsewhere. Standards are lowered (criminal records, non-citizens, health issues) to aid recruiting for wars of empire (non-defense). Use of mercenaries and contractors grows toward 50% or more of total staff, and their loyaty is to their Generals (or Corporate officials), and original homeland, not the country that pays them.
  • Ethics: Corruption and decadence are rampant in both social and government conduct. Failure occurs as either:  A) Nation survives, but at a reduced level of strength and standard of living (England, France, Italy, Spain, and Russia are examples; see list in Part D), or B) Ceases to exist due to takeover by other nations or groups.
Part C: Empire-USA is in Phase 3: Decline and/or Failure
Problems:
  • High Expenses: The expense to maintain bases, and fight wars, worldwide exceeds the monetary and political benefits. The US has over 850 military bases, with troops (not counting embassies), in over 130 countries, and the US acts as the world’s policeman to protect its interests, and impose influence. Resistance by our “subjects” is building. Military expenses are a drag on the economy, and the troops get less than ideal equipment due to cost problems. Host nations are unhappy having our occupying troops.
  • High Debt: The US is a bankrupt Empire by any measure. It cannot hope to pay back over $13 trillion in national debt, or the about $50 trillion unfunded future obligations of domestic programs (Medicare, Social Security, etc.). Interest payments are huge. The US Dollar (USD) is still the world’s reserve currency (held as if gold by other nations; it can be viewed as a share in USA Inc.), despite the fact that the US is also the world’s biggest debtor, but doubts are rising in other countries who use and own dollars for trade. This combination has never occurred before in history! Thus, since all US government debt is denominated in USD, the government can create new low-value dollars out of thin air to pay its debts! A new form of default! The USD is in a precarious position due to excessive expansion of the money supply (inflation) and the USD could crash in value at any time. The extreme is hyperinflation, when the money becomes almost worthless. As with heroin, lots of fake money (the Federal Reserve Bank calls it liquidity) feels good at first, but has withdrawal pain called recession or depression. Since the Federal government never runs out of money, it often becomes the funder for state projects (with strings attached), and states’ rights wither. This gives vote-getting power to Congressmen, and acquiescent State officials suck it up to avoid taxing to raise state funds.
  • Enemies: The US claims to be a world leader, but this is often a cover to be a bully to control other countries with an occupying force to gain land and resources. This started in 1812 with the failed invasion of Canada, then 1845 with the Mexican-American War, and 1898 with the Spanish-American war (which led to occupation/acquisition of the Philippines and Hawaii). The World Wars, Korea, Vietnam and others followed. The recent Balkans, Afghan, and Iraq wars are primarily about; 1. Control of oil (The US wants it all; no easy-cheap Mideast oil for India and China), 2. Defense of Israel, 3. Land for bases to control the Mideast, and 4. Continuation of oil sales in US Dollars by Iraq and Iran. The US entered/started all of these wars based on lies by leaders. What a disgrace and ripoff of the people! Trust and respect for the US has declined in the eyes of its citizens and other nations. This meddling foreign policy contributed to 9-11 and terror. The Federal government grasps for new, unconstitutional power.
  • Corruption and Bad Ethics: Ethics and social conduct are on the decline in the US. Corruption is rampant in both the government and business. Shady conduct is considered normal (gang theft by vote, “earmark” pork handouts, lying, etc.). Primetime TV is now riddled with sexual content, cursing, glorification of misconduct (The Sopranos, Desperate Housewives, etc.), and violence (NASCAR, cop shows). Sports are riddled with violence (the fans like it!) and cheating, condoned by coaches and team owners that want to sell more tickets. Little or none of the above occurred in the ‘50s.
SOLUTIONS
Of the two ways to end the inevitable Phase 3 of an Empire (Decline or Failure), it is far less painful to engage in a “managed decline,” or “nation restoration,” compared to a massive depression. England and France are examples. A managed process would entail prompt action to:
  1. Invoke a major change in foreign policy by:  A. Terminating Empire-USA, and its role as policeman and bully of the world, and focus on homeland defense.  B. Reducing spending and conflict by closing most, or all, overseas bases, and keeping only a minimal standing army (primarily State-controlled National Guard).  C. Stop meddling in the affairs of other nations by force, sanctions, or bribery (no preemptive wars or occupations).  D. Promote free trade.
  2. Invoke a similar change in domestic policy where:  A. Federal spending is reduced by 50% or more.  B. Creation of new fake money is ended.  C. Sound money is introduced (paper is convertible to precious metal), and the Federal Reserve System is abolished.  D. The Constitution and law are adhered to (with repeal of recent bad laws).  E. Market intervention (favors to firms, unions, people) is ended, and free enterprise capitalism is used.

These steps would help bring the government back to its proper role to, “Protect the personal and property rights of citizens, as individuals, from threat or violation by others.” With this approach, the USA and its citizens would enjoy a future of peace, prosperity, justice and good ethics. It always works! I cite W. Germany in 1948, and later Ireland, Prov. of Alberta, Canada, and New Zealand.




Part D: The History of Empire Phases 
Name
Start (Phase 1)
End (Phase 3)
Years
Status
Babylonian
1900 bc
1600 bc
300
gone
Assyrian
900 bc
612 bc
288
gone
Carthage
800 bc
100 bc
700
gone
Persian
648 bc
330 bc
318
gone
Athenian-Greek
500 bc
300 bc
200
gone
Macedonian
338 bc
309 bc
29
gone
Chinese
221 bc
1912
233
gone
Roman
27 bc
476-1453
503
gone, split to Byz. &
Holy Roman
Byzantine
1054
1453
399
gone
Arabian
630
1258
628
gone
Holy Roman
800
1806
1006
gone
Portuguese
1495
1975
480
Homeland survived
Mongol
1206
1920
714
gone, Mongolia survived
Abyssinian
1270
1974
704
gone
Ottoman
1281
1923
642
gone, Turkey survived
Spanish
1492
1975
483
Homeland survived
British
1500
1950
450
Homeland survived
French
1600
1965
365
Homeland survived
Dutch
1627
1944
317
Homeland survived
Austro-Hung.
1804
1918
114
Austria and Hung. surv’d
USA
1845
(active)
162+
In Ph. 3; #1 world power
German
1884
1918
34
Homeand survived
Japanese
1871
1945
76
Homeland survived

 

Sources:
 1. An Inquiry into the Decline and Fall of Nations, W. Playfair, England, 1805 (Rare books library, Toronto, Canada)
 2. Empire of Debt, Bonner and Wiggins, 2006

 

Author, David Redick

 


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